Effects of irrigation levels, plant densities and planting patterns on yield and water productivity of corn (ksc 700) using surface drip irrigation (Tape).
2009
Ashrafi, Shahram | Najafi, Ebrahim | Sanayi Jahromi, Samad | Sadeqi, Farhad | Sadeqi, Hossein | Ja`fari, Hossein | Shafi`i, Parvin | Hossein Zadeh, Samad | Zeyn A`li, Habib Ol-Lah | Haeri, Mostafa | Asadi, Hormoz | A`midi, Hushang | Mohammadi, Ahmad A`li
In order to evaluate the effects of different levels of irrigation, crop density and cropping pattern on corn (KSC700 variety) water use efficiency using surface drip irrigation system three field experiments were carried out in 2003, 2004 and 2005. in the experimental field of Agriculture Engineering Research Institute located in 400 hectare land of the Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute in Karaj. In each experiment, experimental design was laid out as split plot design based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. In the first experimental Field, main plots were Four irrigation levels: 50% 75%, 100% and 125% ET and sub plots were three plants densities: 65000, 75000 and 85000 plant per hectare and sub-sub plots were two planting pattern: one and two row plants per bed. Results showed that increasing the levels of irrigation from 50% to 125%, has a significant effect on yield and yield components. Results obtained from three years experiment showed that irrigation levels of 50% and 125%ET had the minimum and maximum yield values of 0.502, 12.53 and 3.46, 12.41 and 3.37, 13.28 ton per hectare in years of 2003, 2004 and 2005 respectfully. This means that corn is a plant which is highly sensitive to deficit irrigation. Calculation on water use efficiency of the all treatments showed that 6 treatments of a4b1c1 ¡a4b1c2 ¡ a4b2c1 ¡a4b2c2 ¡ a4b3c1 æ a4b3c2 located in one statistical group and 6 treatments of a1b1c1 ¡a1b1c2 ¡ a1b2c1 ¡ a1b2c2 ¡a1b3c1 æ a1b3c2 in another statistical group. From the statistical point of view these two groups have maximum and minimum water use efficiency respectively among the all treatments during three years experiments. Statistical analysis also shown that three groups of a2b2c1 ¡ a3b2c2 æ a4b3c2 have high water use efficiencies amoung the treatments with the values of 0.95, 1.0 and 1.2 Kg/m3 respectively which can be recommended for the areas with low, intermediate and high natural water resources for corn production.
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