On-farm research and outreach on corn in Carmen, Cotabato [Philippines]: results of fertilizer and varietal studies.
1989
Burgos N.R. | Oliva L.P. | Linsag E.B. | Bandoy A.C. | Ortuoste J.D. | Alejandro F.S. | Mate S.
Corn on-farm clientele oriented, adaptive research project of USMARC [University of Southern Mindanao Agricultural Research Center, Cotabato, Philippines] started in 1984, at Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat [Philippines] with focus on small farmers. Solutions to major production problems were tested and recommended, then research activities were transferred to Carmen, a major corn-growing area in North Cotabato. Among the principal technical constraints identified were the continued use of low-yielding variety (tiniguib) and fertilizer management. All of which, can be traced to lack of capital. Exploratory trials were conducted in 1988 including fertilizer and variety as an initial step in solving these problems. Yield response to N and P was highly significant but there was no interaction between N and P at medium doses of 32-60 kg/ha N and 20-40 kg/ha P. Optimum fertilizer rate was at 60-20-0 kg NPK/ha. The use of high grade fertilizer such as solophos (0-0-60) to complement urea will further reduce the cost of fertilizer application. However, these (high grade fertilizers) are not locally available. At least three improved, open pollinated varieties were found potential substitutes to tiniguib: IPB Var 2, USM Var 2 and USMARC 1887. IPB Var 1 is still the best yellow OPV and SMC-75 AB as the best yellow hybrid. All these will further be tested for resistance to downy mildew and stability of performance across cycles.
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