The effect of defoliants on seed quality of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) [Philippines].
1986
Yudono P.
Application of defoliants prior to physiological maturity, significantly reduced one hundred seed-weight, germination rate, vigor index, total dry weight of normal seedlings and gave a higher percentage of abnormal seedlings. While application of defoliants at the time of physiological maturity and at post physiological maturity gave a higher one hundred seed weight, germination rate, vigor index, total dry weight of normal seedlings but a lower percentage of abnormal seedlings. The yield components such as the number of pods, the number of productive branches, the number of nodes, were not significantly affected by the application of defoliants. The only seed yield component affected by the application of defoliants was the one hundred seed weight. Compared with untreated plants, application of defoliants significantly reduced harvest-age. Untreated plants needed 101 days from seed sowing to harvesting. The shortest harvest-age (80 days) found was from the application of sodium chlorate at the time when 90% of pods were still green. The application of glyphosate when most of the pods had turned to yellow gave the longest harvest-age (93 days). The application of defoliants shortened harvest-age at the range of eight to twenty one days. Application of 2, 4D ester and glyphosate prior to physiological maturity resulted in higher abnormal seedlings exhibiting stunted hypocotyl and defective primary leaves, and terminal buds.
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