Vodny rezim pod Zitneho ostrova.
1994
Fulajtar E.
The characteristics of the soil moisture regime of the soils with deep, medium and shallow ground water tables were elaborated on the basis of results obtained from soil moisture and ground water table monitoring of the Zitny ostrov. These results are demonstrated on three representative pedohydrological profiles. The soil moisture regime of soils with a deep ground water table is characterised by a complete spectrum of soil moisture zones. The evaporation and transpiration zones that form the rooting zone reach to 1.7 m depth. The transition zone is divided into the dotation zone (1.7-3.5 m) and low storage zone (3.5-4.5/5.0 m). The capillary zone is distinct above the ground water table. After the damming of the Danube and the rise of the ground water to 3 m below the surface, the capillary zone was joined with the transition zone. From the point of view of hydrological classification, the soil moisture regime is non-percolative. Concerning the ecological evaluation, the soil moisture in the 1 m thick surface layer belongs to the semi-arid interval, which means that plants cannot be sustained by the moisture. For the soil moisture regime of the soils with a shallow ground water table (1.2-2.0 m depth) it is typical for the transpiration zone to be rather thin (0.8 m) and joined with the capillary zone that supplies it with sufficient moisture. The soil moisture regime is evaporative. According to ecological criteria this regime is very suitable, and the water content is in the optimum semiuvidic interval. The soil moisture regime of the soils with medium deep ground water table (2-3m) is characterised by a relatively deep transpiration zone, to which the capillary zone is joined. The soil regime is evaporative and ecologically suitable. The soil moisture is in the semiuvidic interval during the main part of the year, while in the latter half of the summer it falls to the semiarid interval. The crops maturing during summer are well supplied with moisture, while crops maturing during autumn suffer from a moderate moisture shortage.
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