Creation of mutants through tissue culture of Chrysanthemum, Dendranthema x grandiflorum (Ram.) kitam: An attempt to create chromosome-reduced plants in a liquid medium treated with para-fluorophenylalanine.
1994
Endo M. | Kawaraya M. | Inada I.
The report elucidates the possibility of creation of chromosome-reduced plants through PFP (parafluorophenylalanine) treatment. Sterilized shoot tips of two cultivars of chrysanthemums (cv. Yuzawa-giku and cv. Kayo-n-sakura; 2n=54) were cultured in liquid and agar media containing various concentrations of PFP. For both cultivars examined, the branching was maximum in the liquid medium treated with 25 mg/l PFP for 30 days. Especially in cv. Yuzawa-giku, branching increased considerably in cultures which were easy to give rise to vitrification in PFP free medium. With regards to the chromosome number of regenerated plants of CV. Kayo-no-sakura after PFP treatment, the correlation between the intensity of treatment with PFP and the reduction of chromosome number (2n=53) obtained. Furthermore, in liquid media treated with 50 mg/l PFP for 30 days and 25 mg/l for 60 days, abnormal cells such as, multipolar mitosis, multinucleate cell, micronucleus and chromosome bridge were observed frequently in the regenerated plants. Therefore, it was suggested that a correlation exists between the occurrence of abnormal cells and chromosome-reduced plants. On the other hand, in cv. Yuzawa-giku, chromosome-reduced plants were not regenerated and the frequency of abnormal cells were low. The growth of regenerated plants that contained many chromosome-reduced cells were delayed.
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