Microbial leaching of ore dumps by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in purpose of metal recovery | Luženje jalovine pomoću Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans u cilju valorizacije korisnih komponenti
2011
Avdalović, J., Institut za tehnologiju nuklearnih i drugih mineralnih sirovina, Beograd (Serbia) | Šoštarić, T., Institut za tehnologiju nuklearnih i drugih mineralnih sirovina, Beograd (Serbia) | Lopičić, Z., Institut za tehnologiju nuklearnih i drugih mineralnih sirovina, Beograd (Serbia) | Ćosović, A., Institut za tehnologiju nuklearnih i drugih mineralnih sirovina, Beograd (Serbia) | Adamović, V., Institut za tehnologiju nuklearnih i drugih mineralnih sirovina, Beograd (Serbia)
Lithotrophs are involved in many transforming and cyclic reactions of elements in nature, having an important role in biochemical cycles of sulfur and iron, as well of nitrogen and other elements. The term 'lithotroph' is created from the terms 'lithos' (rock) and 'troph' (consumer), meaning the 'eaters of rock. The role of these microorganisms in nature has been widely used by man in processes of metal exploitation. More precise, main goal is converting low-soluble metal compounds, mostly sulfides, into solutions. Practically, naturally occurring reactions have been directed and enhanced, in such a way to get useful metals, mostly from low-grade metal ores and waste materials. The objective of our study was to investigate recovery of useful components from low-grade ores. The microorganism used in leaching was Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Experiments were performed with samples taken from 12 different locations on Bor ore dumps in order to establish recovery conditions. Parameters, like solid-liquid ratio, number of bacteria, rate of leaching, physical and chemical characteristics of ore, rate of watering and number cycles, were determined. The results obtained show 5-fold higher copper leaching efficiency in the suspension with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, then in control suspension. Microbiological leaching of low-grade ores and mine tailings is used nowadays as a method of supplying additional quantities of metal as well as protection of the environment. Natural processes of microbiological leaching, by use of relatively simple technology, are controlled and focused so that uncontrolled loss of useful components (pollutants in this environment) into streams and rivers is stopped.
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