Golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Bulgaria, current status, distribution, demography and diet
2012
Stoyanov, S., University of Forestry, Sofia (Bulgaria). Department of Wildlife Management
Golden jackals are becoming a species of great economic impact in Europe due to their increasing numbers and their influence on game losses. However, their diet, demography, population size and density are poorly known in Bulgaria. Understanding jackals’ demographic rates is crucial for management and conservation. Using gathered data and age distribution of 140 collected skulls it was estimated that the minimal golden jackal population size in spring 2006 was between 29 169 and 38 836 animals (95% CI, Mean=34 058, SD=2 492). About 2-3 pups (average 2.6) per breeding pair survive to the autumn, when more intensive jackals chase starts. A map of golden jackal distribution and density in Bulgaria was made using the data of shooting records. The golden jackal range in Bulgaria covers almost 80 000 square km, which is about 72% of the country total land area. The density in spring, before breeding, in municipalities varies between 1 and 15 (mean 4) jackal/10 square km. Preliminary data on golden jackals diet were discussed.
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