Influence of fertilization and climatic conditions on production grain maize | Vplyv hnojenia a poveternostných podmienok na produkciu zrna kukurice siatej

On the basis of the field polyfactorial experiment results realized on the experimental base - Dolná Malanta in the years 2003-2006, the following conclusions are drawn. The influence of fertilization and atmospheric conditions expressed with value of the hydrothermic coefficient (HTC) on the yield of the maize hybrid LG 23.06 (FAO 310) was estimated. In the years 2003-2006, we rated an influence of the mentioned sources of variability on the yield of maize in years when the maximum corn yield (Ymax 2006) and minimum corn yield (Ymin 2003) was reached. In the year with Ymin we found that the interaction of sum of high temperatures (2838 deg C) and sum of low rainfall (171.9 mm) negatively influenced the reached corn yield (8.38 per ha). During the year, rainfall in August reached only 23.8 mm and the temperature sum was 687.4 deg C, which resulted in the lower values of the corn yield. The highest yield of 8.75 t per ha was reached in the variant with AF. In the year with Ymax contrary tendencies were noticed and the results were statistically confirmed. The sum of the temperatures during the vegetation period reached 2581.6 deg C and the rainfall 264.8 mm with yield of 10.64 t per ha. Results suggest the highest yields reached by the balance between the rainfall and the temperature during the vegetation period mainly during the month of August. The influence of the post harvest processing of crop and their interaction with artificial fertilizers in this year statistically insignificantly influenced the yield increase of about 0.82 t per ha. The mentioned tendencies confirm also the values of the hydrothermic coefficient (HTC), which was in this year expressively higher in the months of May - June and August in comparison with the results reached in the year with minimal yield, which confirms the reached results. During both the years with Ymax and Ymin, fertilization with the artificial fertilizers expressed positively. Statistically significant influence of the year was found between the years 2003-2004,2003-2005, and 2004-2006.