The optimum number of berths of a port
DE WEILLE, J.
The relationship between the total waiting time of ships at a port, the number of ship arrivals, the number of berths, and the average service time per ship is investigated. A basic model is developed assuming that the number of ship arrivals per year and the amount of time each ship will consume in berth are known. A complex model, assuming this information is unknown, is then developed based on queuing theory techniques. Cost-benefit analysis is introduced to account for the demand side. A simplifying assumption is made that the berths are interchangeable while in reality there may be berth specialization. Another factor introducing complexity is the difference between ship size and consequent service time. In all cases of simultaneous optimization of interdependent classes of berths, the best approach to solve the problem would seem to be the Monte Carlo routine. For determining optimum investment strategy under fully competitive conditions in the shipping industry, the Port Authority does not have to take any action; cost reductions will then be reflected in rate reductions. The Port Authority could bring pressure to bear on the shipping industry to pass on cost reductions or could impose an additional port charge.
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