New methods of measurement of soil erosion degradation | Новые подходы к количественной оценке эрозионной деградации почв
2012
Chernysh, A.F. | Sergeenko, V.T. | Kondaurova, A.G., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry
Erosion degradation of soils leads to changes of their functions, qualitative and quantitative deterioration of soil composition and properties, decline of economic value and fertility of soils. That's why, objective diagnostic of soils, based upon complex parameters of soil degradation, and development of methods of minimization or prevention of future soil breaking-in appears one of the most important problems of agrochemical science and has practical value. Sod-podzolic clay soils with different rate of erosion degradation have been investigated. Measurement of erosion degradation degree of sod-podzolic soils by ratio of internal energy of soil absorbed complex to the internal energy of humus is presented. For non-eroded soils this ratio is less than 70, slightly eroded - 70-110, moderately eroded - 110-210 and severely eroded - 210-320. Unified geomorphological catena of eroded sod-podzolic soils, developed on deep loess clay loam, is shown. Morphology of soil profile of sod-podzolic clay soils is presented; characteristics of eroded sod-podzolic soils are displayed. Gross chemical composition of silty fractions of sod-podzolic clay soils with different stage of erosion is shown. Internal energy of crystalline grid of minerals of less than 0,001 fraction of soid-podzolic non-eroded light loamy soil is analyzed; internal energy of humus is evaluated also. Incomplete harvest of agricultural crops due to erosion degradation of soils is calculated. Internal energy of crystalline grid of minerals of more than 0,001 fraction of soid-podzolic non-eroded light loamy soil is analyzed. Prognoses, made upon quantitative indexes of soil degradation, are suggested to be done for preventing of incomplete harvests.
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