Effects of ripener on the endogenous hormones of pods during rapeseed maturity | 化学催熟剂对油菜角果内源激素含量的影响

Китайский. 摘　　要：化学催熟剂主要有触杀脱水式和内吸传导式2种类型,其作用方式和途径完全不同。为比较不同类型催熟剂对油菜内源激素的影响,探讨化学催熟对不同油菜品种造成的内源激素差异,试验选用了2种类型催熟剂敌草快和农达,并以作用效果快捷的一种复合催熟剂催熟不同熟期油菜品种。结果表明：不同品种籽粒乙烯释放量受催熟剂影响较小,角果皮受影响较大。催熟剂明显增加了中、晚熟品种籽粒的乙烯释放量,早熟品种变化较小;使用催熟剂后角果皮乙烯释放量形成第2个高峰,且晚熟品种的峰值明显高于早、中熟品种。催熟剂显著降低角果皮吲哚乙酸（IAA）含量,其中早熟品种下降幅度最大;籽粒IAA受催熟剂影响与角果皮相反,中、晚熟品种下降幅度较大。脱落酸（ABA）受催熟剂影响与IAA相反。敌草快促进籽粒和角果皮乙烯释放,且随催熟剂浓度的增加而增加,但显著降低IAA含量,增加ABA含量,加快角果与籽粒脱水。农达对角果催熟的影响较小。

Английский. There are two types ripeners of ripening rapeseed pods maturity and one is the touch dehydration type and another is the suction conduction type：different completely of their action ways.To compare the differences between different ripeners on endogenous hormones of pods during rapeseed maturity and the differences of endogenous hormones after ripening among different rapeseed varieties,each representative ripener was selected that was the Diquat and the Roundup,and one composite ripener contained the Diquat using ripening different rapeseed varieties.The results showed that the ripener had smaller effect on the ethylene release rate of seeds and bigger effect on that of shell.After ripening the ethylene release quantity of seeds with middle and late varieties increased obviously,and the increase was little in that of early variety.There was the second peak of the ethylene release after ripening and the peak of late variety was higher than that of early and middle variety.The ethylene release quantity of the seeds and shell increased significantly after ripener Diquat and the increase of ethylene release went with the increase of ripener concentration.The content of IAA of the shell decreased significantly after ripening and the decline of early varieties was bigger.The content of IAA on seeds after ripening was opposite with the content of IAA on the shell.The results of ABA after ripening were in contrast with IAA.The content of IAA and water of seeds and shell decreased significantly after ripener Diquat and the content of ABA increased.But there was little influence with ripener Roundup.