Dynamic changes of pigment and moisture in the upper leaf under harvesting and curing with stalk about Honghuadajinyuan cultivar | “红花大金元”带茎采烤上部叶色素和水分的动态变化

Английский. The degradation of pigment and moisture dissipation in upper leaves harvested and cured together with stalk, including the relationship between them, were discussed in the proceeding of curing, in order to provide reference for cured quality of upper leaves. Using upper leaves of Honghuadajinyuan cultivar, the changes of pigment and moisture content were studied. With the regression analysis, the relationship between yellowing and dehydration in flue-curing process was analyzed. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid under harvesting and curing with stalk was significantly lower than the check. The ratio of carotenoid to chlorophyll and moisture content was higher than the check. There was obvious regression relation between the ratio of carotenoid to chlorophyll and moisture content. With the change of the ratio of carotenoid to chlorophyll, the descending speed of moisture content in tobacco leaf under the harvesting and curing with stalk showed the trend from slow to fast, compared with the check, dehydration rate in the yellowing stage reduced by 0.08%/h and increased by 0.17%/h in the color-fixing stage. The harvesting and curing with stalk could accelerate yellowed velocity and slow dehydration rate in the yellowing stage, and it could speed up dehydration rate in the color-fixing stage, which made yellowed and dehydration of leaf tending towards harmonized. It improved the traits for flue-curing of upper leaf.

Китайский. 探讨烘烤过程中带茎采烤上部烟叶色素降解和水分散失的规律以及二者之间的关系，为提高上部叶的烘烤质量提供参考。以烤烟品种“红花大金元”上部叶为材料，以不带茎采烤烟叶为对照，研究了烘烤过程中带茎采烤烟叶色素含量和含水量的变化，在此基础上采用回归分析方法进一步分析烟叶色素含量与含水量的关系。带茎采烤烟叶的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素含量明显低于对照，烟叶类胡萝卜素与总叶绿素含量比值和含水量则高于对照；带茎采烤烟叶的类胡萝卜素与叶绿素含量比值和含水量之间存在明显的回归关系，随着类胡萝卜素与叶绿素含量比值的变化，带茎采烤烟叶含水量的下降速度呈现出由慢到快的趋势，与对照相比，带茎采烤烟叶失水速度在变黄期减慢了0.08%/h，在定色期加快了0.17%/h。带茎采烤能加快烟叶的变黄速度，缩短变黄时间；减慢烟叶在变黄期的失水速度，在定色期又加快烟叶的失水速度，使得烟叶的变黄和失水趋于协调，提高了红花大金元上部叶的易烤性。