Studies on the nutritive physiology of white Hypsizigus marmoreus | 白玉菇的营养生理研究

Китайский. 研究白玉菇的营养生理特性。以白玉菇菌株XBG-05为材料，测定其在不同培养基上的菌落直径、菌丝生长速率及菌落长势，比较不同的碳源（果糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、核糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、可溶性淀粉、乙醇、甘露醇、甘油）、氮源（异亮氨酸、谷氨酰胺、酪氨酸、色氨酸、硝酸钾、硫酸铵、磷酸二氢铵、氯化铵、尿素、硝酸铵、硝酸钠、蛋白胨、麦芽浸粉、酵母膏、牛肉膏和胰蛋白胨）、无机盐（硫酸镁、氯化钾、硝酸钠、氯化钠、氯化钙、磷酸二氢钾）、维生素（维生素B1、维生素B2、烟酸和叶酸）和植物生长调节剂（吲哚乙酸(IAA)、激动素 (KT)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)和6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)）对白玉菇菌丝生长的影响效果。白玉菇的碳源谱较宽，其中对蔗糖的利用效果最好，其次为麦芽糖和甘露糖；白玉菇对复合氮源的利用效果最好，对无机氮源和氨基酸的利用效果次之；磷酸二氢钾、叶酸、烟酸及2,4-D、IAA、KT对白玉菇菌丝生长均具有显著的促进作用，而氯化钙、硫酸镁和6-BA则表现出抑制作用。白玉菇菌丝生长的最适宜碳源为蔗糖，最佳氮源为酵母膏；适量添加磷酸二氢钾、叶酸、烟酸和2,4-D、IAA、KT可以较好地促进白玉菇菌丝的生长。

Английский. Nutritive physiological characters of white Hypsizigus marmoreus were investigated in this paper. Diameter of colonies, growth rate and vigor of mycelia were used for assessing the effect of carbon（fructose, glucose, mannose, ribose, galactose, arabinose, ucrose, maltose, lactose, soluble starch, alcohol, mannitol, glycerol） and nitrogen sources（isoleucine, glutamine, tyrosine, tryptophan, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, urea, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, peptone, malt flour, yeast extract, beef extract, tryptone）, mineral elements（MgSO4, KCl, NaNO3, NaCl, CaCl2, KH2PO4）, vitamins （VB1, VB2, nicotinic acid, folic acid）and plant hormones（IAA, KT, 2, 4-D, 6-BA） during growth of white H. marmoreus XBG-05. The results indicated that many carbon sources could be used by the mycelia of white H. marmoreus. Sucrose was the best choice above maltose and mannose; and among nitrogen sources, the composite nitrogen source was utilized best, inorganic nitrogen source and amino acid took next place. Moreover, KH2PO4, nicotinic acid, folic acid, 2, 4-D, IAA and KT could help mycelia growth, but CaCl2, MgSO4 and 6-BA had inhibition to mycelia growth. The suitable nutritive conditions of white H. marmoreus were sucrose, yeast extract paste. And KH2PO4, nicotinic acid, folic acid, 2, 4-D, IAA and KT could promote mycelia growth.