Eco-environment impact assessment of land consolidation based on matter-element model | 基于物元分析模型的土地整理生态环境影响评价

Китайский. 评价土地整理项目整理前、后对生态环境的影响，旨在为今后土地整理工作中减少对生态环境的破坏提供经验。参考生态环境影响评价的相关指标体系，根据土地整理项目相关标准，从水、土壤、生物和社会环境4个生态要素中，选取了11个指标构成土地整理生态环境影响评价的指标体系。在物元分析理论的基础上，采用改进层次分析法确定指标权重，构建了土地整理生态环境影响评价的物元模型，并采用该模型对开原市庆云堡镇土地整理项目进行了评价。利用构建的土地整理生态环境影响评价物元模型，对开原市庆云堡镇土地整理项目的评价显示，土地整理后项目区的生态环境等级为“较好”，较土地整理前的“一般”等级有很大提升；土地整理项目区的生态环境得到了很大改善，水量供需能力和灌溉保证率得到提升，水土流失得以控制，人均耕地面积增加，中低产耕地面积减少，土壤肥力和生物多样性得到改善，系统抗灾能力增强。评价结果与实际情况基本相符，说明基于改进层次分析法的物元分析模型在用于土地整理生态环境影响评价时具有一定的可靠性。

Английский. The study is to evaluate eco-environment impact assessment of the basic farmland consolidation project, designed for future land consolidation in reducing damage to ecological environment to provide experience. By referring to the ecological environmental impact assessment index system, according to the standards related land consolidation, the index system of ecological environmental impact assessment of land consolidation is constructed by selecting 11 indexes from the 4 ecological elements i. e. water, soil, biological and social. Based on matter-element analysis theory, the index weights are confirmed by using the improved AHP and the matter-element model of land consolidation ecological environment impact assessment is constructed. Using the model to evaluate land consolidation project of Qingyunbao town in Kaiyuan city, the evaluation result shows that the eco-environment grade of project area after land consolidation is “better” and is much improved than that before land consolidation which was of “general” level. The water supply capacity and irrigation assurance are promoted; Water and soil erosion is controlled, the cultivated land area per capita is increased, the cultivated land area of medium or low levels is reduced and the soil fertility is improved; Biodiversity is improved, and the anti-disaster ability of the system is enhanced. Evaluation result conforms with the actual situation which indicates that the matter-element model based on matter-element analysis theory used in this paper is reliable in ecological environmental impact assessment of land consolidation.