Relation of bud dormancy to carbohydrate metabolism in Cerasus humilis （Bge.） Sok. | 休眠期欧李碳水化合物代谢与休眠关系的分析

Китайский. 为探讨休眠期欧李碳水化合物代谢与休眠的关系,以休眠期欧李1年生基生枝为试材,采用气相色谱等方法,分析了韧皮部、芽中碳水化合物含量及其相关酶活性变化。结果表明：休眠阶段欧李韧皮部和芽中可溶性糖含量均高于淀粉,二者比值最高可达4.77,其中含量最高的为蔗糖,其次是果糖、山梨醇和葡萄糖;自然休眠期芽中检查不到果糖含量,但在被迫休眠期和芽萌动期迅速增加,至芽萌动期质量分数达2.05%;休眠期韧皮部和芽中酶活性变化与糖含量变化一致;蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性大于其他酶的活性,在自然休眠期蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性迅速降低至自然休眠解除时达最低值,降低幅度分别为芽94.18%、韧皮部84.78%;β-淀粉酶活性高于α-淀粉酶活性。综上,欧李休眠期贮藏的碳水化合物以可溶性糖为主;蔗糖含量变化及蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性的降低与自然休眠解除关系明显;果糖含量变化与芽的被迫休眠和芽的萌动有关。

Английский. This paper is concerned on the relation of bud dormancy to carbohydrate metabolism, The annual shoots from underground stem was used as the experimental materials. The components of carbohydrates and the enzymes activities were measured in phloem and bud of dormant Cerasus humilis （Bge.） Sok. The results indicated that soluble sugar content was higher than starch in phloem and bud in dormancy period. The highest ratio of soluble sugar and starch reached to 4.77. Most sugar was sucrose and then fructose, sorbitol and glucose. A few amount of fructose in bud were detected in natural dormancy stage. But its content increased rapidly in enhanced dormancy stage and in germination period,reaching to 2.05% in germination period. The changes in enzyme activities in phloem and bud were in line with that of soluble sugar. The activity of SPS was higher than that of other enzymes, but quickly decreased in natural dormancy stage,and reached to minimum at the end of the natural dormancy. The reduction in bud and phloem was 94. 18% and 84.78% respectively. The activity of p-amylase was higher that of a-amylase. Based on the integrated analyses above,the main accumulated carbohydrate in dormant Chinese dwarf cherry was soluble sugar. The relief of natural dormancy was obviously linked with the change of sucrose and reduction of the SPS activity. Change in the fructose contents was related to the dormancy and germination of bud.