Maturity date of main field crop residues in different regions of China | 我国不同地区主要大田作物田间秸秆成熟期

Китайский. 秸秆时间分布与作物的成熟期关系密切,对其可持续利用有重要影响。本研究首先提出田间秸秆成熟期的概念,通过查阅2006―2011年正式发表的大田试验文献获得大田作物主产品在各地区的成熟期或收获期,确定不同地区各作物秸秆的成熟期。结果表明：从时间分布上看,1―4月是甘薯、甘蔗、棉花、马铃薯和油菜的秸秆成熟期;5―6月小麦和玉米的秸秆开始成熟,为全国秸秆成熟初期;7―11月为水稻、小麦及玉米集中收获时段,属于秸秆成熟盛期,其中,9和10月秸秆成熟的作物最多;12月为秸秆成熟末期,马铃薯、甘薯、花生、棉花、黄红麻和甘蔗的秸秆在此时期成熟。长江以北地区的作物秸秆成熟期为6―10月,高峰期在8―10月初;长江流域及以南地区无霜期长,可栽培作物种类多,秸秆成熟时间相对分散。明确田间秸秆的成熟期,为研究我国田间秸秆资源的时间分布提供依据。

Английский. Non-food biomass feedstock supply is one of the most important limiting factors in fluencing biofuel development.In this article,the definitions of non-food biomass feedstock and non-food land for bioenergy crops are clarified according to the situation present in China.After identifying the relationship between food security and biomass energy development,it is shown that sustainable non-food biofuel will be a multi-win-win The temporal distribution of crop residues depends on the crops maturity or harvesting dates,which affects greatly on sustainable residue utilization.Maturity date of crop residues（MDCR）was defined in this article.Maturity date of field crops in different regions of China according to data collected from original papers published mainly between 2006 and 2011 has been analyzed.The MDCR of sweet potato,sugarcane,cotton,potato and canola varied from January to April.The MDCR early stage of wheat and maize was from May to June.The period from July to November was predominant MDCR for rice,wheat and maize.The MDCR of potato,sweet potato,peanut,cotton,Jute and ambary hemp and sugarcane was in December.In the regions located to the north of Yangtze River,the MDCR was between June and October and concentrated from August to October.Due to the long frost-free periods in Yangtze River district and its southern areas of China,field crop residues can be harvested through the whole year. .