Research development and utilization status on Jatrophacurcas in China | 中国麻疯树研究进展与开发利用现状

Китайский. 麻疯树是一种抗旱、耐贫瘠的多用途速生树种,是生产生物能源、农药和医药的主要原料。目前,麻疯树生物资源已受到国家高度关注,得到了大力发展。对我国麻疯树的相关研究成果进行总结和展望,可以为综合开发利用能源植物提供参考。方法：笔者从以下三方面总结并分析了我国麻疯树的研究进展及开发利用现状,1）麻疯树资源在中国发展的基本概况,包括生长习性、资源分布状况和研究历史等;2）基础研究现状,包括生物学特征、生殖生态学特征、种子生物学特征、良种选育以及栽培生理生态等;3）栽培技术研究,包括适生区区划、良种壮苗繁育、营造林技术和主要病虫害。指出了目前我国麻疯树研究与开发过程中存在的问题,探讨了麻疯树的开发利用前景,并提出了相关的建议。

Английский. Jatrophacurcas is a multi-purpose quick-growing tree species that is drought-resistant and barren-resistant,and is the main raw material for production of bioenergy,biopesticide and biomedicine.At present,the forest biological resources including J.curcas are highly valued in China,and have seen rapid development.The research summary of J.curcas could provide a reference for the comprehensive development and utilization of energy plants.This paper summarizes and analyzes the research progress and the current situation of exploitation of J.curcas in China from the following three aspects：the general situation of J.curcas resources＇ development in China,including the growth habit,resource distribution,and research history etc;the current situation of basic research,including the biologic characteristics,reproductive and ecological characteristics,seed biological characteristics,good-seed breeding and cultivation physiological ecology etc;and the research on cultivation techniques,including the division of ideal habitat,good-seedling breeding,afforestation techniques,and main plant diseases and insect pests.The existing problems in the research and development of J.curcas in China and its development modelare detailed and relevant suggestions are put forward.