Research progress on Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge | 文冠果研究进展

Китайский. 生物质能源作为一种清洁的可再生能源已受到世界各国高度重视。发展生物质能源瓶颈之一是生物质原料不足。文冠果作为一种具有发展潜力的生物能源物种,近年来受到人们广泛关注。为使育种工作者对文冠果栽培育种、遗传改良与开发利用的研究进展充分了解,本研究介绍了目前资源分布情况;有性繁殖和无性繁殖关键技术;文冠果变异情况和良种选育进展;开花座果特点及分子机制研究,提出防止落花落果技术措施,分析了产量影响因素;综述了化学成分与开发利用研究进展;分析了油脂含量影响因素及其改良措施,文冠果籽油及生物柴油的理化指标,比较了不同油脂提取与生物柴油生产工艺的油得率、转化率及优缺点;介绍目前产量情况与经济效益,总结林分低产原因,并提出解决对策。

Английский. As a clean,renewable energy source,the importance of biomass energy has been highly recognized.The lack of biomass raw materialcreates a bottleneck for bio-energy developments.In recent years Xanthocerassorbifolia Bungehas been widely recognized as a potential bio-fuel plant.In order to improve the understanding of the breeder about the cultivation and breeding,genetic improvement,exploitation and utilization of X.sorbifolia,this paper introduces resource distribution;the key technique of sexual and asexual reproduction,research progress on variation and fine variety breeding,characteristics and molecule mechanism of flowering and fruit setting;proposes methods of preventing flowers and fruits dropping,analyzes the factors affecting production;summarizes the research progress on chemical components,exploitation and utilization;analyzes the factors affecting oil content,the methods to improve it,and the physicochemical index of X.sorbifolia seed oil and bio-fuel;compares the oil yield and extraction rate,the advantages and disadvantages of different oil extraction and bio-fuel production techniques;introduces yield status and economic benefits,summarizes the reasons for low yield,and puts forward ways to resolve low yield issues.