Screening of non-food biodiesel plant resources in Shaanxi province | 陕西省非粮柴油植物资源的调查与筛选

Китайский. 原料可持续供应是保证生物柴油产业持续发展的基础。了解不同地区非粮柴油植物资源的特点、分布及油脂和相应油脂甲酯的理化性质,是开发当地生物柴油植物资源、实现原料可持续生产供应的前提。本研究对北方地区植物资源最丰富的陕西省的非粮柴油植物资源进行了初步调查与评估,共采集到37份植物的种子或种仁并测定了其油脂性质。结果表明：37份样品含油率质量分数的变幅为10.0～62.8%;其油脂碘值、酸值、皂化值的变幅分别为43.43～129.44g/100g,1.89～57.92mg/g,124.18～367.00mg/g。然后,采用文献报道的公式模拟计算了与油脂甲酯品质紧密相关的5项指标参数。结果表明：37份样品油脂甲酯的十六烷值、运动黏度的变幅分别为34.86～63.08,2.67～4.19mm2/s;其密度、高热值及冷滤点的变幅分别为833.94～884.22kg/m3,33.40～42.91kJ/g,-13.10～15.60℃。根据测定数据和模拟数据比对柴油植物初步评价标准,筛选出有进一步研究价值的非粮柴油植物共11种,其中山桃、女贞、厚朴最具有发展潜力。

Английский. Sustainable feedstock supply is the basis of biodiesel industry development.Consequently,it is very important to understand the characteristics and distribution of non-food biodiesel plant（NFBP） resources and the physicochemical property of the vegetable oil and their methyl esters（MEs） for the development of nonfood biodiesel feedstock production.Samples of thirty-seven plant species（seeds or kernels） which were plentifully distributed in Shaanxi province were collected and analyzed chemically.The result showed that the oil content varied between 10.0% and 62.8% and the iodine value,acid value,and saponification value of the exacted oil varied,respectively,between 43.43 and 129.44 g/100 g,between 1.89 and 57.92 mg/g,between 124.18 and 367.00 mg/g.Based on these tested data,5 parameters closely related to the fuel quality were calculated using regression models described in various literature.The results showed that the cetane number,kinematic viscosityof the vegetable oil MEs varied between 34.86 and 63.08,between 2.67 and 4.19 mm2/s;and the MEs density,high heating values,cold filter plugging point varied between 833.94 and 884.22 kg/m3,between 33.40 and 42.91 kJ/g,between-13.10 and 15.60 ℃,respectively.Ultimately,11 species were selected according to the preliminary evaluation standard of NFBP.The comprehensive evaluation of oil yield,adaptability and resistance ofthe screened 18 speciessuggested that the Prunusdavidiana Carr.,Magnolia of icinalis Rehd.et Wils and Ligustrumlucidum Ait could all be promising oil plants to bedeveloped in North China.