Effect of different tillage intensity on yields and yield-forming factors in winter wheat
Houst, M., Mendelova Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Agrosystemu a Bioklimatologie | Prochazkova, B., Mendelova Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Agrosystemu a Bioklimatologie | Hledik, P., Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague (Czech Republic)
This paper presents results of a study on application of minimum tillage technologies when growing winter wheat. Our experiments were performed in the sugar-beet-growing region with loamy chernozem within the period 2005-2009. The effects of different methods of soil processing on yield-forming factors in stands of winter wheat grown after three different preceding crops (i.e. alfalfa, maize for silage and pea) were evaluated. Four variants of tillage were used as follows: (1) conventional ploughing to the depth of 0.22 m (Variant 1); (2) ploughing to the depth of 0.15 m (Variant 2); (3) direct sowing into the untilled soil (Variant 3), and (4) shallow tillage to the depth of 0.10 m (Variant 4). The effect of different tillage intensity on winter wheat yields was not significant after all forecrops. After alfalfa, the highest and the lowest average yields were recorded in Variants 2 and 3, respectively. After maize grown for silage, higher yields were obtained in Variants 1 and 2 than in Variants 3 and 4. When growing winter wheat after pea as a preceding crop, the highest and the lowest average yields were recorded in Variants 3 and 1, respectively. Our results indicate that under the given pedological and climatic conditions it is possible to apply methods of reduced tillage intensity. However, the choice of the corresponding technology must be performed with regard to the type of preceding crop.
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