Climate, drought and nitrogen management effect on filling and gluten content in wheat

Soil nitrogen content is one of the most important factors that determined crop yield in many agricultural lands especially in arid zone like Yazd province. On the other hand nitrogen management have a very important role in fertilizer and water efficiency and progressing yield quality. Gluten is an important component of cereals protein that its content in seed of cereals depended on different factors like nitrogen fertilizer management and climate. To assessment of mentioned factors a study were designed that in first year three different climatic zone of Yazd province in Tabas Yazd and Ali Abad and in other years only Yazd were assessed. Irrigation management (I1 irrigation based on common usage of farmers, I2 irrigation based on plant requirement) whet varieties and fertilizer management (F1: fertilization based on soil analysis, F2: F1 plus 25 percent excess nitrogen fertilizer in seed filling stage, F3: F1 plus leaf spray of 8 Kg/ha urea in first stage of seed filling) are the factors that studied in a completely randomized block design. Results in different climate show that in warmer climate (Tabas and Yazd) because of water stress in common usage of farmer's irrigation fertilizer treatments don't have significant effect on yield. In Ali Abad that have cooler climate F3 treatment show higher yield. Three years study in Yazd station also show that irrigation based on plant requirement can increase yield, yield component and fertilizer efficiency in each tow variety significantly in compare with common farmer irrigation. "On farm 9" variety have more yield than Roshan but roshan have more straw. Although fertilizer treatment have no significant effect on yield but F3 can increasing seed and straw yield. Irrigation based on plant requirement and excess fertilizer in seed filing stage or leaf spraying of urea also could increase gluten and protein in wheat seed.