Variation of Seed Characteristic, Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Sunflower Germplasm
2010
Lee, Y.H., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Song, H.L., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Piao, Xiang-Min, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Park, K.H., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Nam, S.Y., Chungbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Cheongwon, Republic of Korea | Kim, I.J., Chungbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Cheongwon, Republic of Korea | Choi, S.Y., Chungbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Cheongwon, Republic of Korea | Jang, Y.S., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Kim, H.S., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
The objective of this study was to obtain the basic informations on variability of germplasm and cultivation practice for the production of biodiesel in sunflower. A total of 275 accessions obtained from the National Agrobiodiversity Center (34 landraces from Korea, 219 and 22 introductions from America and other countries, respectively) were screened to evaluate variations of seed characteristics, oil content and fatty acid composition. Seed types were classified into 4 types (broad ovoid, narrow ovoid, rounded and elongated). The broad ovoid type was the highest proportion of 40.4%, while the elongated type was the lowest proportion of 5.0% among accessions. Also, the seed colors were classified into 4 colors (gray, brown, black and white). Gray and brown seed color showed the highest distribution and white seed color showed the lowest among accessions, respectively. Hundred and one liter seed weight ranged 2.9~15.5g and 178~439g with averages of 6.3g and 322.0g, respectively. Oil content ranged from 11.7% to 45.6% with an average of 25.5%. The frequency distribution of oil content showed the highest in range of 22~28% and the lowest in range of over 40%. Three promising accessions with higher oil content than 40.0% were IT031967, IT031970 and IT031965 introduced from America. Palmitic and stearic acid contents, saturated fatty acid, ranged 3.1~7.6% and 1.3~4.1% with averages of 4.7% and 2.2%, respectively, and a total content of saturated fatty acid ranged 5.4~9.4% with an average of 6.9%. Oleic and linoleic acid contents, unsaturated fatty acid, ranged 18.1~75.7% and 18.1~74.1% with averages of 55.2% and 38.0%, respectively. Five accessions, IT031831, IT031669, IT031895, IT031938 and IT031694, showed higher oleic acid content than 70%. A total content of unsaturated fatty acid ranged 89.6~94.8% with an average of 93.0%.
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