Studies on Feed Formulation to Reduce Methane Emission and Optimal Rearing Density for Environmental-Friendly Hanwoo Production
2011
Shin, J.S., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea | Choi, B.Y., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, M.J., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, S.G., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea | Ra, C.S., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
This study was conducted to analyze the mixing ratio of raw feed materials for the methane mitigation and also to identify the minimum rearing density for improving the productivity of beef calves as eco-friendly fodder. Raw materials used in this study for the formulation of feed for methane reduction were crushed corn and alfalfa along with other 21 species. In addition, to investigate the appropriate rearing density, 12 Hanwoo calves with average weight of 150 kg was selected and experiment was conducted for four months. Methane gas emission (Bo) is about 3-4 times less in TMR 4 compared to TMR 1, 2 and 3. Feed price calculated for TMR 4 ration was also affordable. In addition, all TMRs showed a normal ruminal pH. Disappearance rate was observed to be lower in TMR 4 as compared to TMR 1, 2 and 3, but methane production decreased by 24 to 37%. The result showed improved total body weight, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio in rearing low-density (18 ㎡/head), and general treatment (9 ㎡/head) compared to overcrowding treatment (6 ㎡/head). In addition, blood components (total protein, glucose, AST, ALT and GGT factors) involved in health and disease treatments and health-related nutrition metabolism are lower in the low-density and general treatment compared to the high density treatment. Postural development (development of body size) i.e., weight, height and width significantly increased in the low and general density treatment compared to high density treatment. Especially excellent improvement was observed in low-density treatment than the general treatment. Moisture content, colonic bacteria and coccidium are higher in low and hight density treatments than in general treatment. The adequacy for beef rearing density is considered to be more desirable in an area more than 6 ㎡/head. In conclusion, present study suggests that possibility of methane reduction through adjusting mixed feed ration. Also, rearing density is also an important factor in the growth and development of beef calves.
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