Activity of antagonistic microbes against Phytophthora palmivora, the causal agent of pod rot disease on cacao
2010
G.N. Alit Susanta Wiryal | i.g. Arda Pradipta, Udayana Univ., Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar Bali (Indonesia). Lab. of Biopesticide | Nimade Puspawati, Udayana Univ., Jl. Pb. Sudirman, Denpasar Bali (Indonesia). Lab. of Plant Disease
Phytophthora palmivora, the causal agent of pod rot disease is the most important factor limiting production of cacao (Theobroma cacao) in Bali area Indonesia, causing the decreases of cacao yield to 40%. Because of high disease pressure and environmental concerns, alternative measures to chemical fungicides are needed to control P. palmivora. Biological control (biocontrol) using antagonistic microbes, as agent in one of the alternatives approaches for managing pod rot disease. In this work, the ability of four anatagonistic microbes, namely: Bacillus sp., Trichoderma sp., Saccharomyces sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens sp., for their ability to suppress the growth of P. palmivora in PDA medium and soils were evaluated. Infestations of antagonistic microbes P. fluorescens sp., Trichoderma sp., Saccharomyces sp. and Bacillus sp. into soils could suppress the population density of P. palmivora to 90.44%, 89.40%, 70.00%, 65.40%, respectively and protected the cacao pod from the rottenness to 71.36%, 70.85%, 63.42%, 56.40%, respectively. The results indicate that there were antagonistic activities of four microbial anatagonists to suppress the growth of P. palmivora in soil that can be used as agents to control pod rot on cacao.
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