Results of paleo-ecological analysis of alluvial soil (site Štúrová, Rye Island, Slovakia) | Výsledky paleoekologickej analýzy aluviálnej pôdy (lokalita Štúrová, Žitný ostrov, Slovensko)
2011
Břízová, E., Czech Geological Survey, Prague (Czech Republic) | Pišút, P., Comenius Univ., Bratislava (Slovak Republic)
Pollen and macrofossil analysis of Fluvisol from the Dudváh River terrestrialized palaeomeander (Rye Island) provides new information about the palaeo-environment of the Danube Lowland. Meander under study was cut-off during the Sub-Boreal period when the land was mostly covered by oak-dominated mixed forest with a notable high frequency of Fagus and Abies. At low-lying depressions, Alnus glutinosa have formed typical alder cars. The largest decline of the mixed forest occurred during the Sub-Atlantic period. Until the mid-19th century the region was strongly influenced by shallow groundwater and periodical floods, as reflected by pollen of aquatics and marsh species. Amongst non-arboreal taxa, pollen of Cyperaceae, Brassicaceae/Cuscuta, Poaceae and Apiaceae prevailed. Local succession changes started with 1) stage of abandoned oxbow still with influx of moving water, poor in both macrophytes and molluscs, 2) shallow eutrophic oxbow lake with slowly flowing or stagnant water overgrowing with aquatics (Ranunculus subgen. Batrachium, Potamogeton sp., Ceratophyllum demersum etc.) abound with molluscs, and 3) an open marsh dominated by Cyperaceae (mainly Carex riparia) with Atriplex prostrata, supporting diverse molluscs and Ostracod fauna. Present-day habitat is a result of landscape changes, which have been associated with draining, intensified agriculture, ruderalization and spread of invasive species.
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