Relationship between Soil Animal Community Structure and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Lake Taihu Lakeshore, China | 太湖岸带湿地土壤动物群落结构与土壤理化性质的关系

Китайский. 2010年8月采用干漏斗法和湿漏斗法对太湖岸带湿地的酸模（A）、乔灌（B）、农作物（C）、天然芦苇（D）4种植被类型中的土壤动物群落进行调查,共获得土壤动物537只,隶属4门59类。A的土壤动物密度最低,为4017个・m. 2,B的土壤动物密度最高,为14496个・m-2。4种植被类型中土壤动物群落间的相似性存在差异,说明不同植被类型对土壤动物群落物种组成及其丰富度、优势类群数量具有影响。土壤动物个体数在不同植被类型中的水平分布规律为B〉C〉D〉A。利用典范对应分析方法分析土壤含水率、pH、电导率、有机质、全氮、全磷和土壤温度等7个土壤因子与不同植被类型中土壤动物群落分布的相关关系。结果表明不同植被类型中的土壤动物对土壤因子的响应不同,各因子对土壤动物分布的影响也存在较大差异。其中,鞘翅目步甲科幼虫、蠓科幼虫,蜘蛛目的光盔蛛科受总磷含量的影响较大;疣跳科受电导率的影响较大;等节跳科受有机质影响较大;棘跳科受pH的影响较大;线蚓科受温度的影响较大。

Английский. The soil fauna, as an important part of the wetland ecosystem, has attracted more and more attention. They play a vital role in the material circulation and wetland restoration processes. In August 2010, we investigated soil animals in different vegetation covers （A： Rumex acetosa lakeshore, B： Tree and shrub lakeshore, C： Crop lakeshore, D： Natural reed lakeshore） at Lake Taihu lakeshore wetland with Tullgren and Baermann＇s methods. A total 537 soil animal individuals were extracted and classified into four phyla, and 59 taxonomic groups. R. acetosa lakeshore （A） had the lowest density of soil animals （4 017 ind・m. 2）, while tree and shrub lakeshore （B） had the highest density of soil animals （14 496 ind・m. 2）. There were differences in soil animal community space similarity over the four vegetation cover types, suggesting that vegetation cover types had an impact on soil animal community species composition, richness of communities and the number of dominant groups. The horizontal distribution pattern of the soil animals in the number of individuals was B C D A. The canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） was used to analyze the correlations between the distribution of soil animal communities in the different caver types and the soil moisture content, pH, conductivity, soil organic matter （SOM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, or soil temperature. The result showed that different soil animals had differential responses to different environmental factors, and various soil factors had to different degrees impact on the distribution of soil fauna. Among them, total phosphorous （TP） had a relatively strong impact on the Carabidae larvae, Ceratopogonidae larvae and Liocranidae, while electric conductance （Cond） had strong impact on Neanuridae. SOM had a greater impact on Isotomidae, pH had a greater impact on Onychiuridae, and soil temperature had a greater impact on Enchytraeidae. This study would provide scientific reference for wetland restoration.