The Geographical Distribution of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei and Recommendations Concerning Its Protection in China | 南方红豆杉地理分布与保护建议

Китайский. 【目的】为了更好地开发和利用南方红豆杉这一珍贵的药用紫杉醇植物资源，掌握其在我国的天然分布区，使该资源实现可持续发展。【方法】基于植物地理学分布区理论，利用相关标本信息和文献记载的地理坐标，对南方红豆杉地理分布区进行研究。【结果】①南方红豆杉的自然分布区以亚热带分布为主，其分布范围大致在北纬23°～36°，东经98°～121°之间，分布行政区域遍及我国华东、华南、西南及华北15个省区；沿我国亚热带主要山脉，呈现出连续分布的特点，东南部分布区较其他地方更为集中。②南方红豆杉的垂直分布范围在海拔500～1200m之间，呈现出东南低，西南高的特点，这主要受我国大的地势格局所影响。③通过南方红豆杉群落结构特征分析，多数地区的南方红豆杉群落具有一定的次生性或群落存在演替的可能。④对南方红豆杉资源开发存在的问题进行了分析，提出了相应的保护措施与建议。【结论】南方红豆杉适生范围广，具有较强的引种潜力；人为干扰与破坏是目前南方红豆杉自然分布范围缩小所的最关键性因素，应加大保护与管理力度。

Английский. [Objective] To better exploit and utilize T. wallichiana, one of valuable medicinal plant resources with paclitaxel, its geographical distribution and protection measures were discussed in this study. [Method] Based on distribution theory of phytogeography with the specimen informa tion and literatures, the distribution of T. wallichiana was estimated. [Results] （!） T. wallichi-ana was mainly distributed in subtropical China and the locations were it was often found in the east China, south China, southwest China and north China including 15 provinces （municipalities or autonomous regions）. The populations usually distributed along sub tropical mountains and the distribution was greater concentration in southeast than in other re-gions. （1） The elevational distribution of T. wallichiana ranged from 500 m to 1 200 m and eleva-tion was higher in southwest than southeast China due to chinese geographical pattern. （2） The a nalysis of structure characteristics showed that T. waHichiana community were mainly secondary. @ The problem existing in development of T. wallichiana was discussed and some measures and suggestions were put forward. [Conclusion] T. wallichiana was widely distributed in subtropical areas, which has great potential to be introduced, the key factors narrowing distribution was due to human disturbances and protection and management should be further improved.