Genetic Diversity of the Plant Endophytic Fungi in a Pb-Zn Mine Area in Hanyuan, Sichuan Province, China | 四川汉源铅锌矿区植物内生真菌的遗传多样性初步研究

Китайский. 【目的】调查四川片口自然保护区5种微生境内的隐翅虫科昆虫物种多样性，通过与2005年的调查数据相比较，为汶川I地震后生态修复效果提供依据和参考。【方法]2012年7―8月，在保护区实验研究区域隐翅虫活动频繁的5类微生境中随机设置10块5m×5m的样地采集标本，标本鉴定后计算a物种多样性。【结果】共采集隐翅虫标本1066号，分别隶属于13亚科79属162形态种。个体数量在腐败物、地被物、真菌、草堆、沙滩水边5种微生境中依次减少。形态种数量在地被物中最多，其次为腐败物中，在其余的3种微生境中的值很接近。对5种微生境内的隐翅虫进行a物种多样性分析表明，丰富度指数（s）在地被物中数值最大，在腐败物中其次，其余3种生境中数值相近。优势度指数（A）在真菌中的数值最大，在地被物中的数值最小，其余3种生境中数值接近。多样性指数（H’）在地被物中数值最大，在其他4种微生境中的数值相近。均匀度指数（J）在地被物、沙滩水边和草堆中的数值大于在腐败物和真菌中的值。以上4个a物种多样性指数都说明地被物是隐翅虫生存的良好生境，也反映出该类型的生境中隐翅虫群落结构较为稳定，这是隐翅虫与特定的微生境长期协同进化的结果。【结论】通过与2005年的调查数据相比较，发现在5种微生境中的隐翅虫丰富度指数（s）虽然都有所下降，但多样性指数（H’）和均匀度指数（J）都或多或少有所提高。可以初步说明汶川地震后经过4年生态修复和灾后重建，保护区内隐翅虫的物种多样性已得到有效恢复，也说明生态修复有利于隐翅虫的繁衍发展，有利于保护区森林生态系统地协调演替。

Английский. [Objective] The species diversity of staphylinidae in five microhabitats in Piankou Nature Reserve of Sichuan province was investigated. Our study can provide foundation and refer- ences for ecological restoration of Wenchuan by comparing the data between 2005 and current study. [Method] 10 randomly-designed 5 m X 5 m plots in five microhabitats in Piankou Nature Reserve were selected in July and August, 2012 and staphylinidae samples were collected. spe- cies diversity was concluded after the samples were identified. [Results] A total of 1066 samples, belonging to 162 morphological species, 79 genera and 13 subfamilies, had been collected. The number of samples decreased along septic matters, ground cover, fungi, haystack and waterside. The amount of morphological species was the largest in ground cover, followed by septic matters while the numbers in the other three microhabitats were similar. The analysis of a species diversity showed that richness index （S） of ground cover and septic matters were relatively high whileother three habitats were very similar. The dominance index （3.） was the highest in fungi and lowest in ground cover and the other three habitats were nearly same. Diversity index （H） was lar gest in ground cover and the other four microhabitats were close. The values of evenness index （J） in ground cover, waterside and haystack were higher than those in septic matters and fungi. The above a species diversity indexes suggested that ground cover was an excellent habitat for staphylinidae and the structure was relatively stable in such a habitat. That was a result of long term mutual evolution of staphylinidae and specific microhabitats. [Conclusion] Compared with the data of 2005, the richness index （S） decreased in all five microhabitats but diversity index （H＇） and evenness index （J） were, to some extent, increased. The results noted in study indica ted that species diversity of staphylinidae had been effectively restored after 4-year ecological reha bilitation and reconstruction. Ecological rehabilitation is helpful for breed development and forest succession in Piankou Nature Reserve.