Plastic- film-covered rice cultivation with drip irrigation and development of sowing planter | 水稻膜下滴灌种植与播种机的研究开发

Китайский. 用较少的水，收获较多的优质稻米，提高国家粮食安全的保障程度。在优化滴灌水稻种植密度的基础上，提出水稻膜下滴灌直播技术。并根据农艺与农机相结合的要求，研制出水稻膜下滴灌播种机。通过大面积田间生产考核表明：旱作水稻膜上打孔直播技术，能大幅减少人工消耗，出苗整齐。生产实践表明，研制的水稻膜下滴灌播种机空穴率≤3%；穴粒数合格率≥85%；膜孔覆土率≥95％；亩穴数达到31 000-33 000穴，该机能适应我国干旱区水稻高密度种植农艺技术要求，为我国干旱区生产稻米提供技术支持。

Английский. This study aimed to gain more high-quality rice with less water and improve the level of national food security. Based on the optimized planting density of rice with drip irrigation, direct sowing technology for plastic-film-covered rice cultivation with drip irrigation was proposed. Furthermore, sowing planter for plastic-film-covered drip-irrigation rice cultivation was developed in accordance with the requirements for the combination of agricultural technique and agricultural machinery. According to the large-scale field production evaluation, the film-punching direct-sowing technology for dry cultivation of rice can greatly reduce the labor consumption and results in neat emergence of seedlings. Productive practice shows that using the developed sowing planter for plastic-film-covered rice cultivation with drip irrigation leads to vacancy rate ≤3%, pass rate of grain number ≥85%, soil-covering rate ≥95％, and hole number per acre of 31 000-33 000. In addition, the sowing planter can adapt to the agronomic technical requirements for high-density cultivation of rice and provide technical support for the rice production in arid regions of China.