Economic of water resourees in Syrian agriculture

The deficit is Estimated in the Syrian water balance (I) up to / 3.1 / billion m 3 annually, The distribution of the Syrian territory in seven major water basins: the Euphrates basin, Tigris and Khabur basin, coast basin, asi Basin, Barada basin, Yarmouk basin, and finally the desert basin, The Syrian Agriculture conumes about 83% of water resources in the country and the irrigated land where about 30% of the total area planted, Although, the production of irrigated land is a top priority, The agricultural sector contributes about 25 % of GDP, the agricultural products also contribute at rates ranging from 20% to 28% of total exports, This is in addition to running about 19.2% of the labor force in the state. Therefore this study aimed to reach the possibilities of rational use of water resources in Syrian agriculture, to reach potential of reducing the gap in the water deficit, by recognizing the reality of supply and demand for water in Syria, and evaluate the efficiency of water use in Syrian agriculture at the level of the cities and basins. it also aims to Study and analyze the impact of the use of certain policies to try to reduce the water deficit in the coming period, To achieve this, the study using some analysis such as regression and correlation and one-way analysis of variance, in addition to the application of some mathematical models as linear and non-linear programming and data envelopment analysis to achieve optimal -economic use of water resources under different scenarios. The study shows the importance of assessing the values of production and economic efficiency, whether to use the water or for irrigation methods used in agriculture to determine the importance of each crop in each city and each basin and to take advantage of the values of the economic efficiency of water use in agriculture at the basin level for the application of some policies. Through the application of linear and non-linear programming models on the six agricultural basins in Syria was reached structures proposed crop and the value of total revenue and return on a unit of water in each basin, Applying some of the policies suggested depending on changes in both prices and costs, and the policy of government support in addiction to the values of economic efficiency of water use in the Syrin agriculture, and the results of the suggested structures depending on the two programming models, Result different values for the revenue of the water unit and for the total return of the basin , according to each proposed policy , was the best policy is to delete the crops with low efficiency with the exception of strategic crops with the application of support policy and increase Area of crops of high � efficiency 100% in addition to the policy of shift to modern irrigation. The study confirmed the need to accelerate the application of modern irrigation methods in all the basin, in order to add it to save water and increase the revenue per hectare for the main irrigated crops in the country, They lead to increased economic efficiency of the use of a cubic meter of water in the irrigation process compared to traditional methods. And on the importance of modifying crop combinations prevailing in each province according to the values of efficiency resulting from the analysis, depending on the amount of water available for irrigation in each province and the proportion of each crop water requirement of the available and the rate of the irrigated area in the city.