There is room for selection in a small local pig breed when using optimum contribution selection: A simulation study
Gourdine , Jean-Luc(auteur de correspondance) (INRA , Petit-Bourg (France). UR 0143 Unité de Recherches Zootechniques) | Sorensen , Anders Christian (Aarhus University, Tjele(Danemark). Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics) | Rydhmer , Lotta (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala(Suède).)
Selection progress must be carefully balanced against the conservation of genetic variation in small populations of local breeds. Well-definedbreeding programs with specified selection traits are rare in local pig breeds. Given the small population size, the focus is often on the management of genetic diversity. However, in local breeds, optimum contribution selection can be applied to control the rate of inbreeding and to avoid reduced performance in traits with high market value. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which a breeding program aiming for improved product quality in a small local breed would be feasible. We used stochastic simulations to compare 25 scenarios. The scenarios differed in size ofpopulation, selection intensity of boars, type of selection (random selection, truncation selection based on BLUP breeding values, or optimum contribution selection based on BLUP breeding values), and heritability of the selection trait. It was assumed that the local breed is used in an extensive system for a high-meatquality market. The simulations showed that in the smallest population (300 female reproducers), inbreedingincreased by 0.8% when selection was performed at random. With optimum contribution selection, genetic progress can be achieved that is almost as great as that with truncation selection based on BLUP breeding values (0.2 to 0.5 vs. 0.3 to 0.5 genetic SD, P < 0.05), but at a considerably decreased rate of inbreeding (0.7 to 1.2 vs. 2.3 to 5.7%, P < 0.01). This confirmation of the potential utilization of OCS even in small populationsis important in the context of sustainable management and the use of animal genetic resources.
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