Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative traits of triticale lines in preliminary and advanced yield trials (PTYT & ATYT)

Triticale is a man made hybrid crop developed by crossing wheat and ray. This crop has good traits such as high yielding of forage and grains, resistance to lodgings and disease and is more successful under harsh environment in comparison with wheat and barely. This study was conducted for screening and selecting of new high yielding triticale genotypes under the conditions of Mashhad Research Station. This research was containing 2 experiments follow: 1) Primary Triticale Yield Trial (PTYT): No. of sixty genotypes of triticale, that have been selected from international trials during the last cropping seasons, in comparison with the check (Juanillo 92) were evaluated as preliminary yield trials based on observation nursery without replication. 2) Advanced Triticale Yield Trial (ATYT No. 1 & 2): No. of 36 new triticale lines were studied in 2 Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Each experiment consist 18 entry (new lines) and 2 checks (Juanillo 92 and ET-82-15) total 20 entry with 3 replication. Each line or cultivar was planted in 6 row, by distance 20 cm and 6 meter long, then plot size were 7.2 m2 .Final harvesting area was 6 m2 (5×1.2 m2). In the Observation Nursery, after each 5 lines 1 check (Juanillo 92) was replicated. After harvesting, the grain yield comparison among new lines and cultivars with checks, was conducted with the curve shaping in observation nursery and analysis variance in replicated experiments, respectively. Results in observation nursery showed that there was higher yielding lines in comparison with the check (Juanillo 92) and 38 superior lines were selected for advanced yield trials in further season (ATYT:1 and 2). So, the results of analysis of variance in replicated experiments showed that there was no significant differences between lines and checks in ATYT: No.1, but there was a significant differences in ATYT: No 2. Based on Dunkan method grain yield comparison with the check (Juanillo 92) carried out and 18 superior lines were selected for elite yield trials in further season (ERTYT-90). Selected new lines had more grain yield in comparison with the check cultivars and differed in their height, resistance to diseases and lodging, early maturing, which were more suitable than the checks.