Design fabrication and performance testing of an evaporation system for the production of quality sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) syrup
2011
Barroga, S.Q.
The study aimed to design and fabricate a single effect evaporation system to produce sweet sorghum syrup and jaggery for bioethanol and jaggery production. A single effect calandria type evaporator with a capacity of 50/hr was designed and fabricated. The calandria consists of 356 1/4 diameter copper tubes. A designed barometric condenser with 4 sieve plate baffles were designed and fabricated to condense the vapor produced from the evaporator. A 1 cum spray pond was also designed and fabricated to complete the cooling system. Preliminary testing was conducted at a varying condenser leg height of 4m, 3m and 2m to determine the performance of the fabricated equipment. The actual performance of the calandria was evaluated under steady state condition by calculating the stream economy, heat transfer efficiency, percent evaporation, evaporation coefficient, and overall heat transfer coefficient. A 4m condenser leg height gave the highest relative efficiency of the condenser which is 66.83%. A concentration of 63 deg brix syrup was produced at 4.4 hrs evaporation time using a 4 meter condenser leg height. Analysis showed that the produced 63 deg brix syrup contains 11.76% reducing sugars. Manuals on operation of the evaporation system and production of sweet sorghum syrup were also written to guide the users in using the pilot scale evaporation system.
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