Effects of contrasting environments in the Philippines on grain yield and grain Zn concentration of 21 biofortification breeding lines
2014
Rubianes, F.H.C. | Grewal, D. | Rey, J. | Beebout, S.E.J.
Twenty-one Zinc (Zn) biofortification breeding lines showed different grain Zn contents in various environments and in response to Zn fertilizer application, but, it is not clear which environmental variables are most important in explaining this. An experiment was conducted in five contrasting sites in the Philippines, IRRI, Los Baños, Laguna (Zn-depleted, pH 6.6); Bay Laguna (low Zn, high organic matter, pH 6.3); Nueva Ecija (Zn-sufficient, pH 4.5); Bukidnon (continuously submerged, high iron content, pH 4.8), and Bohol (calcareous soil, pH 7.2). Twenty-one genotypes were grown on each site with three replicates. The Zn fertilizer treatments were: no Zn added and 10 kg Zn/ha as zinc sulfate, applied at panicle initiation. Water management was monitored, and grain yield and grain Zn concentration were analyzed. Results showed that the IRRI site had the highest average grain yield (7 t/ha) among the other sites. Popular varieties such as IR64 and PSB Rc82 produced 3-7 t/ha, whereas local check variety NSIC 158 produced 4-8 t/ha. There was no significant difference in grain Zn concentration between the plots with no Zn added and the plots fertilized with 10 kg Zn/ha as zinc sulfate. IR69428, IR68144, and IR91152 were the three genotypes with the highest grain Zn in the five sites. A weak negative correlation was found between grain yield and grain Zn concentration, whereas weak positive correlations were found between grain yield and plant height, panicle number, and panicle length. The study will give plant breeders information on how the 21 Zn biofortification lines perform in five environments in the Philippines, in terms of grain yield and grain Zn concentration. This information may help them identify which environmental factors cause variation in grain Zn concentration.
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