The response of Yunyan87 and K326 to drought stress | 云烟87和K326对干旱胁迫的响应

Китайский. 干旱是抑制烟叶产量和品质的主要气象灾害之一。长时间干旱，植株生理改变，产量和品质下降，甚至死亡。2011—2012年以云烟87和K326为材料，采用盆栽栽培，在团棵期、旺长期、现蕾期设置干旱时间7，10，13，16d、长期干旱和CK（对照），研究了云烟87和K326对干旱的响应。结果表明：云烟87团棵期、旺长期、现蕾期干旱13d单株产量分别下降69.1%、69.8%和69.5%；而K326干旱10d单株产量就分别下降了70.2%、70.3%和68.7%；两个品种团棵期发生长期干旱，最终产量均为零，产量下降100%。在旺长期和现蕾期发生长期干旱，产量下降87%～90%。在三个生育期中，随着干旱时间增加，还原糖一直在下降，且云烟87还原糖含量受干旱影响小于K326，但差异不显著；现蕾期干旱16d云烟87和K326总氮含量分别升高了60.3%和91.6%，磷分别下降了34.9%和31.1%，钾含量分别下降55.9%和58.5%、烟碱含量分别升高42.9%和41.7%。云烟87比K326耐旱性强。

Английский. Drought is one of the main meteorological disasters which will restrain the output and quality of tobacco. The plant physiology of tobacco is changed, with the yield and quality being declined and even death by the long-term drought. Yuyan87 and K326 were studied from 2011 to 2012, which were grown in pots. The drought time was set to 7 d, 10 d, 13 d, 16 d and one group as the control in the resettling growth stage, the vigorously growing stage and the budding stage respectively to study the response of Yuyan87 and K326 to the drought stress. The result shows that: the amplitude reductions of single plant yield of Yunyan87 in the rosette stage, the vigorously growing stage and the budding period were 69.1%, 69.8% and 69.5% respectively, while those of K326 were 70.2%, 70.3% and 68.7% as the effect of 13 days’ drought. The two varieties would have no single plant production in the rosette stage as the effect of long-term drought and in the vigorously growing stage and the budding stage, the amplitude reduction of yield of which could be 87% to 90%. With the drought time increased, the content of reducing sugars of Yunyan87 and K326 in all the stages had been declining and the falling range of Yunyan87 was smaller than that of K326, but the difference was not significant. The content of total nitrogen of Yunyan87 and K326 increased by 60.3% and 91.6% while which of phosphorus decreased by 34.9% and 31.1% separately in the budding stage. The potassium content of Yunyan87 and K326 decreased by 55.9% and 58.5%, while the nicotine content increased by 42.9% and 41.7% respectively, the drought resistance of Yunyan 87 is better than that of K326.