Investigating the residue effects of sulfonylurea herbicides and the new herbicide Lumax (Mesotrione+ S-metolacholor+ Terbuthylazine) in wheat after corn.
2011
Hadizadeh, Mohammad Hassan | Minbashi, Mehdi | Pasban, Mohammad | Norouzzadeh, Shahram
The study was conducted to evaluate the residue effects of four sulfonylurea herbicides of corn include Titus (rimsulfuron), Samson (nicosulfuron), Equip (foramsulfuron) and Ultima (nicosulfuron+ rimsulfuron) and two herbicide dosages and application time of Lumax (mesotrion+ terbuthylazin+ s.metalachlor, Pre-emergence and Post-enmergence) on wheat at the next year. The experiment was performed at five locations of Iran, Tehran (Karaj), Fars, Khuzestan, Moghan and Khorasan-Razavi in a randomized complete block design. After harvesting of corn plants, the wheat seeds were planted in the same place. Phtotoxicity syndromes, dry weight of wheat seedlings, plant height and yield were measureed at proper time. The results in Karaj showed that Titus caused a significant reduction of yield (20%), yield components (13% for grain number/plant) and plant height (14%), of wheat related to control treatment and after that Lumax (4.5 l ha-1) had the the most adverse effects. Effect of treatments on grain yield, grain number per panicle, seed weight, seedling dry weight and plant height was not significant in the Fars. All Lumax treatments (especially pre-emergence) have significant reduction on yield (up to 24%), yield components (8% for grain/plant) and plant height (15%) in Khuzestan. In Moghan, Lumax (4.5 l ha-1-Post emergence) residue showed significant effects on reduction of yield and grain number per panicle (27%), but other traits including seedling weight and plant height was not significantly influenced by herbicides residue. No evidence was obtainne of herbicide residue adverse effects on wheat in Mashhad. Key words: sulfonylurea herbicide, phytotoxicity, carry over, bioassay
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