The effects of thermal and light exposure on the development of broiler chicken leg musculature
Stojanović, S. (Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia). Department of Veterinary Medicine) | Žikić, D. (Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia). Department of Animal Sciences) | Kanački, Z. (Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia). Department of Veterinary Medicine) | Ajdžanović, V. (Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, Belgrade (Serbia). Department of Cytology) | Milošević, Verica (Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, Belgrade (Serbia). Department of Cytology) | Ušćebrka, Gordana (Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia). Department of Veterinary Medicine)
Modified incubation factors affect skeletal musculature development of broiler chickens during embryonic and postnatal periods of development. These changes appear to have great influence on the proliferation of myoblasts and muscle growth aſter hatching. In this study, the histomorphological and -morphometric parameters of broiler chicken leg musculature, aſter thermal and light treatments during embryogenesis, were examined. The applied treatments included thermal manipulation (exposure of fertilized eggs to increased temperature), light manipulation (exposure of fertilized eggs to monochromatic green light) and simultaneous thermal and light manipulations. Following the specific parameters that were observed, it was determined that in the late postnatal period of development, treated groups have a larger diam- eter and smaller nucleocytoplasmic ratio of muscle cells compared to those of the control group, in which fertilized eggs were incubated at a constant temperature of 37.8°C, without light. Diameter was increased by 4.20%, 3.77% and 4.55% on day 42 aſter hatching in thermal, light and combined thermal and light treated groups, respectively, compared to the control. The nucleocytoplasmic ratio was increased by 37.5% on day 42 aſter hatching in the control group compared to all treated groups. The volume density of the muscle connective tissue was approximately at the same level between the groups. It can be concluded that thermal and light treatments stimulate the proliferation of myoblasts and enhance devel- opment and growth of leg muscles in broiler chickens.
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