Evaluation of salt tolerance in triticale lines in Fars Province.
2015
Kiyani Puya, Ali | Rasuli, Fatemeh | Karimi Mazidi, Siyavash | Sarikhani, Shokufeh | Qodsi, Masoud
Salinity is one of the major threats to the agricultural production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. One way to deal with this problem is the growth of plant species with high salt tolerance and with the economic potential in the saline soils. To compare the performance of triticale cultivars under saline conditions 12 lines / varieties in a randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Plants were grown in farmers' fields in three levels of salinity (3, 8.8 and 12.5 dS m-1). Addition to field experiment, a sand culture experiment (in the natural environment) was conducted to study the morpho-physiological characteristics of different triticale genotypes under saline-controled condition. The measurements were performed at two growth stages: vegetative and flowering. The results of field experiments indicated that the lines 86-4, 86-9 and 85-17 were the most tolerant genotypes to salinity in non-saline, low salinity (8.8 dS m-1) and high salinity levels (12.5 dS m-1) respectively. In addition, the plant density and grain weight had a major role in determining the grain yield of the triticale lines. The results of the greenhouse experiment showed that the highest yields were obtained in 86-4 and 84-19 lines in non-saline and saline conditions, respectively. Among measured parameters, potassium-to-sodium ratio and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase showed significant positive correlation with grain yield, while membrane lipid peroxidation showed a significant negative correlation with grain yield. Therefore, these parameters can be appropriate for selecting salt tolerant cultivars in triticale.
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