Evaluation of resistance of different barley cultivars to loose smut (Ustilago nuda) under natural condition in Esfahan province
2014
Ahmad Jafari, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection | Mahlooji, Mehrdad | Fatemi, Amir Hosein
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is considered one of the products of global strategic importance to the world's fourth grade, after wheat, corn and soybeans. Barley as a fine grain has a different use cases. Loose smut disease of barley with (Ustilago nuda) on barley crop is one of the most important problems in the country. In order to control the disease numerous projects in various aspects of farming, breeding and chemical is being done at the national level. The objective of this research was to investigate the reaction of the common varieties of barley to loose smut disease., Seeds of four barley cultivars such as: Yosef, Fajr 30, Reyhan and Nosrat were selected and planted in three densities of 300, 400 and 500 seeds per square meter based on a factorial design with three replications in two regions of Isfahan and Ardestan. Results showed that infected to loose smut, barley varieties and different seed densities in Isfahan and Ardestan at 1% level, were significant difference. Cultivars, Reyhan 03 with 0.062% and Nosrat with 0.019% in density of 300 and 400 numbers of seeds per square meter have the lowest infection to the disease in Isfahan and Ardestan respectively. The other morphological characters such as the diameter of spores and spore color, in light and electron microscopy, no difference was observed. Cultivars Reyhan 03 and Nosrat whit 0.21% and 0.3% had less infection to the disease in the density of 300 seeds per square meter in Isfahan and Ardestan respectively.
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