Taxation of pensions in the Baltic States
2016
Rajevska, O., University of Latvia, Riga (Latvia)
Pension systems of the three Baltic States have very much in common. These commonalities are induced by their common past, similar socio-economic environment and common prevailing development trends. However, some certain elements of pension system design vary significantly among the countries. Quite interesting variations can be found in the taxation-related aspects: sources of financing pension budgets (taxes and social insurance contributions), tax incentives for stimulating personal voluntary pension savings, tax rates for statutory and voluntary pensions in payment. The author has studied the national pension legislation (laws, Cabinet regulations), academic literature and statistical data sources. The research is limited to old-age pension benefits, not covering disability and survivors’ pensions. The effective tax rates on pensions are highest in Latvia and lowest in Lithuania, both for mandatory and voluntary pensions, following the same pattern as labour taxation in the region.
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