Developing and testing climate resilient alternative staples and crop varieties in small hold rainfed lowland rice-based farms in Quezon Province [Philippines]
2014
Aguilar, E.A. | Sta. Cruz, P.C. | Edaño, M.S. | Magnaye, A.M.A. | Santiago, D. | Libuit, R.M. | Baer, B.T. | Garcia, G.R.
The sub-project rainfed lowland rice agroecosystem evaluated 2 new UPLB [University of the Philippines Los Baños]-bred rainfed lowland rice varieties (NSIC Rc 276 and NSIC Rc 282) and 3 fertilizer management practices (Farmer's practice of FP, FP + Bio-N, and Recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer or RR) in rainfed rice community in Tayabas. The amount of rainfall during the cropping season was below the normal rainfall in the area, and also below the required amount of rainfall for one rice growing season. Results show that NSIC Rc 282 and NSIC Rc 276 significantly improved all yield-related parameters and yield components, and outperformed the yield of the farmers' variety, regardless of fertilizer management employed and reduced rainfall. NSIC Rc 282, particularly, consistently showed the best performance among the varieties and farmer-cooperators expressed preference to it due to its good field performance and yield. This result emphasizes the importance of using environment appropriate varieties. In terms of fertilizer treatments, significant difference was only detected in panicle length, percent filled grain, 1000-grain weight and grain yield. Grain yield was highest at RR (2.08 t/ha) followed by FP + Bio-N (1.95 t/ha). Cost and return analysis showed that the use of RR with NSIC Rc 282 was most profitable (ROI = 69%). Combining adapted variety with appropriate fertilizer management can increase farmer's yield to increase their profit even in unpredictable climate condition.
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