Screening of Philippine traditional pigmented rice bran with maximum nutrients and health-promoting properties
2016
Bulatao, R.M. | Asuncion, J.M.A. | Lambanicio, J.C. | Delos Santos, C.L.D. | Tejada, J.M.D | Labastilla, E.M. | Corpuz, H.M.
The Philippines has a diverse collection of traditional pigmented rice cultivars that can be used as parent gene donor for the breeding of new rice types with superior quality and health-promoting properties. These cultivars can be an excellent raw material for the development of functional food and other pharmaceutical products. Pigmented rice bran contains many bioactive compounds that can inhibit the formation of reactive free radicals which are implicated in many chronic diseases. This study was conducted to characterize the grain of local pigmented rices in the Philippines in terms of nutrients and antioxidants. Nine traditional rice varieties were collected and their bran fractions were analyzed for proximate composition, phytochemical property, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Their bran recovery and physicochemical properties were also determined. Significant differences were observed in the bran recovery and moisture content of the samples which ranged from 7.0 to 13.8% and 9.4 to 13.3%, respectively. Ash and fat content ranged from 6.1 to 10.0% and 13.0 to 20.8%, respectively, and were highest in the bran of the rice cultivar Ominio. Crude protein content varied from 9.8 to 14.5% and was the highest in the bran of the cultivar Chor-chor-os. Among the samples, high fiber content was noted in the bran of the cultivars Ominio, Kalinayan, Dikdik, Ittum, and NSIC Rc160. Total carbohydrates ranged from 32.5 to 47.3% and was highest in the bran of Dikdik. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the bran of Ominio contained the highest anthocyanins, phenolics, and carotenoids while the bran of Chor-chor-os, Ominio, and Sinomay had the strongest antioxidant activity among the samples. All pigmented rice bran samples had considerably higher phytochemical content and antioxidant activity than the control variety NSIC Rc160. This study demonstrated that pigmented rice bran samples are an excellent source of nutrients and natural antioxidants that can be used as base ingredient for the development of economically valuable functional foods and pharmaceutical products with therapeutic properties.
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