Mutation induction in pineapple through seed EMS [ethylmethane sulfonate] mutagenesis
2016
Lorenzo, J.C.A. | Canama, A.O. | Valencia, L.DC. | Canicosa, J.E.B. | Galvez, H.F.
Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) is a tropical fruit normally propagated from vegetative parts but seed material can also be produced through cross-pollination of different varieties. Development of commercially competitive pineapple variety with novel traits requires utilization of genomics approaches in order to fast track breeding with vast germplasm resource. Induced mutation coupled with functional genomic analysis has been used to improve crops. Chemical agents provide high mutation rates and mostly generate point mutations. Ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) is the most commonly used chemical mutagen in plants for high frequency nucleotide substitutions. In this study, pineapple seeds derived from the cross between 'Smooth Cayenne' and 'Queen' were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.25% and 1.5%. Mutation injury parameters including seed germination and seedling survival were determined. Results showed that the number of days to initial germination increase in proportion with increased EMS concentration. The highest percent seed germination of 97% was observed in 1% EMS concentration and 40% germination was noted at 1.5% concentration. Percent seedling survival was highest at 0.5% concentration of 89% while the lowest is the control treatment. The number of seedlings that survived eight months after transplanting in plastic bags varied across EMS concentrations. The control group has 63% seed germination and seedling survival. An average of 10 green to dark green leaves was observed among EMS treatments. To date, maximum leaf length of 293 mm is recorded in one of the plants in 0.75% EMS treatment. Data gathering on seedling height is underway. Mutagenized pineapple plants are now transplanted in the field for further morphological evaluation and generation advance.
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