Genetic distance between three breeds of dogs based on selected microsatellite sequences
2016
Czyż,Katarzyna | Filistowicz,Andrzej | Kęsek,Marzena | Przysiecki,Piotr | Vrtková,Irena | Zielak-Steciwko,Anna E.
The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity and genetic distance between three breeds of dogs: Bernese Mountain Dog (BMD), Chihuahua (Ch) and Caucasian Shepherd Dog (CSD), based on microsatellite sequences commonly used to confirm/exclude dogs’ parentage. The study included 60 dogs (20 dogs per breed) from Czech kennels. One dog was randomly selected from a single litter while the litters were unrelated down to the second generation. A commonly used panel of microsatellite markers (PEZ1, FHC2054, FHC2010, PEZ05, PEZ20, PEZ12, PEZ3, PEZ6, PEZ8 and FHC2079) was applied in the study. Loci of each microsatellite revealed different polymorphism levels with an average of 5.1 alleles per locus(from 2 to 9 across breeds). PEZ3 and PEZ12 were the most informative markers (7.0 and 6.7 alleles, respectively). Specific alleles were detected within each breed. Loci PEZ5 and PEZ20 showed the lowest average number of alleles (3.7). Number of observed genotypes ranged from 3 to 14, but only few genotypes were common to all breeds. Average heterozygosity ranged from 0.49 in BMD to 0.72 in Ch. Within CSD, solely the PEZ20 locus was not highly polymorphic (PIC0.5). The lowest genetic distance was found between CSD and Ch, whilst relatively large genetic distance was estimated between Ch and BMD, as well as between the CSD and BMD, which may support the hypothesis of these breeds’ separation at an early stage of domestication.
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