Uklanjanje nitrata iz vode za piće primenom biološke denitrifikacije / Nitrate removal from water by biological denitrification
2012
Ljubisavljević, Dejan S. (Građevinski fakultet, beograd (Srbija). Institut za hidrotehniku i vodno-ekološko inženjerstvo) | Rajaković-Ognjanović, Vladana N. (Građevinski fakultet, beograd (Srbija). Institut za hidrotehniku i vodno-ekološko inženjerstvo) | Đorelijevski, Svetozar (Aqua Interma, Beograd (Srbija))
Ground water pollution by nitrate from routine agricultural practices is a common and growing problem in the major agricultural areas of the world. The concentration of nitrates in these areas may exceed the maximal limited value (MLV for nitrates 50 mg/L). Nitrate removal has been successfully achieved with the use of several processe: ion exchange processes, reverse osmosis combined with membrane technology and extraction combined with electrodialysis. All the mentioned processes have been effectively applied and implemented on the treatment plants. The common disadvantage of all the applied processes is the final production of concentrated waste, contaminated with nitrates. The waste as by-product requires additional treatment and removal. Biodenitrification is a promising alterantive technique for the removal of nitrate from drinking waters. The major advantages of biological denitrification is its simplicity, low-cost and complete removal of nitrate without waste production, since the final product of the process is nitrogen. The majority of biodenitrification relies on heterotrophic bacteria that require an organic carbon source and anoxic conditions for the first stage of process. Since the drinking water has a low carbon content an additional carbon source is required. Carbon source can be an external reservoir of methanol, ethanol, organic acid or hydrogen. The process of biological denitrification is typical for waste water treatment but some analysis and studies show that it is possible to apply this process for nitrate removal from drinking water. In this paper a possibility for the use of biological denitrification for removal of nitrate from drinking water has been discussed and a concrete water treatment plant for denitrification of groundwater in Česnikovo, Poland has been presented.
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