Effect of sex-linked dwarf gene on exterior appearance, productive performance and egg characteristics in a colored broiler dam line
Mincheva, N. (Agricultural Institute, Stara Zagora (Bulgaria)) | Oblakova, M. (Agricultural Institute, Stara Zagora (Bulgaria)) | Hristakieva, P. (Agricultural Institute, Stara Zagora (Bulgaria)) | Ivanova, I. (Agricultural Institute, Stara Zagora (Bulgaria)) | Lalev, M. (Agricultural Institute, Stara Zagora (Bulgaria))
The effect of sex-linked dwarf gene was investigated through comparison of dwarf hens with their full-sib normal sisters obtained by mating heterozygous males (DW/dw) to normal females (DW/_) from line F (used as maternal form for production of slow-growing colored chickens) with respect to the following traits: body weight, shank and keel length at 40 weeks of age, age of sexual maturity (at 50 % production), egg production, egg weight, feed intake, feed utilization, livability, fertility, hatchability and egg quality characteristics. The results demonstrated that the dw gene caused statistically significant reduction of body weight by 29.15 %, shank length by 20.17 %, keel length by 7 % and egg weight by 5.72 % (p<0.001). The hens with normal genotype attained sexual maturity 7 days earlier (p<0.001), but nevertheless, rate of lay was similar to that of mini forms. There were no considerable differences between both genetic groups with respect to livability percentage over the production cycle. Dwarf hens consumed by 23.38 % less feed (p<0.01) than normal sized hens and converted nutrients more efficiently by 12.69 % (p<0.05). The presence of dw gene in hen genotype increased the eggshell percentage, reduced egg yolk and albumen weights and had no effect on their quality. The positive effect of the sex-linked dwarf gene on economically important traits – feed intake and feed conversion, hatchability of eggs set, is a prerequisite for the development of more efficient broiler breeder hens for production of slow-growing chickens.
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