Influence of environmental factors on spreading of Amorpha fruticosa L. in the floodplain forests in Ravni Srem (Serbia)
2012
Jurišić, Branislav (Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Galonja-Coghill, Tamara (Faculty of Biofarming, Bačka Topola (Serbia)) | Stevović, Svetlana (University Union –Nikola Tesla, Belgrade (Serbia). Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Protection) | Vicić, Dražen D. (University Union – Nikola Tesla, Belgrade (Serbia). Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Protection) | Bojat, Nenad Č. (Faculty of Biofarming, Bačka Topola (Serbia))
The spread of introduced plant specii is an important ecological phenomenon. Being invasive, they adversely affect the biodiversity of particular areas at the genetic, species and ecosystem levels. False indigo bush (Amorpha fruticosa L. 1753) is a deciduous shrub from the Fabaceae family, native to central and eastern parts of North America. It was introduced into Europe in 1724, and into Serbia during the first decade of the nineteenth century as an exotic, ornamental plant. The species is highly invasive, growing on moist soils along the banks of rivers, streams, ponds, in ditches, open and semi-open humid forests, often eliminating native species. Different plant communities and their habitat conditions in natural and semi-natural ecosystems were investigated, in order to specify the localities where A. fruticosa acted as an edificatory or supporting species, and study the environmental impact on species composition. In order to detect the basic ecological ordination, the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used. The results suggest that the floristic composition variation is primarily caused by two negatively correlated factors, soil pH and elevation. The distance from the Sava River waterway is at minimum correlation with the pH gradient established. Ground cover index (Ic) of A. fruticosa and its share of coverage (D%) were also calculated. These two quantitative indicators are negatively correlated with pH, resulting in species becoming dominant in neutral and slightly alkaline soils.
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