Comparison of Heavy Metal(loid)s Contamination of Soil between Conventional and Organic Fruit Farms
2017
Lee, H.H., Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea | Kim, K.K., Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea | Lee, Y.B., Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea | Kwak, Y.S., Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea | Ko, B.G., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Republic of Korea | Lee, S.B., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Republic of Korea | Shim, C.K., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Republic of Korea | Hong, C.O., Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
Organic amendments such as animal waste compost, lime-bordeaux mixture, and lime sulphur mixture contain heavy metal(loid)s which are toxic to human being, animal, and plant. The objective of this study was to compare heavy metal(loid)s contamination of soil between conventional and organic farm. Soil samples were collected from 10 conventional and 38 organic fruit farms. At each sampling point, top (0~15 cm) and sub soil (15~30 cm) were taken using hand auger. Total concentration for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nikel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in the collected soil were measured. The pollution index (PI) for heavy metal in organic farms indicated it was unpolluted area. However, mean value of PI for organic farms (0.143) was higher than that for conventional farms (0.122). High Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) for Cu, Pb, and Zn implied that grape farms were more polluted than others fruit farms because a lot of lime-bordeaux mixture and lime sulphur were applied in organic grape farms. Especially, top soils showed higher level of contamination than sub soil. Based on the above results, organic amendments might cause accumulation of heavy metals in soil. Therefore, particular attention should be paid for concentration of Cu, Pb, and Zn, when organic amendments are used in the organic fruit farms.
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