Production of chitin and chitosan from the exoskeleton ofadult two-spotted field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus)
2017
Kim, M.W., Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea | Song, Y.S., Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea | Han, Y.S., Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea | Jo, Y.H., Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea | Choi, M.H., Korea Beneficial Insects Lab. Co. Ltd., Gokseong, Republic of Korea | Park, Y.K., Korea Beneficial Insects Lab. Co. Ltd., Gokseong, Republic of Korea | Kang, S.H., Korea Beneficial Insects Lab. Co. Ltd., Gokseong, Republic of Korea | Kim, S.A., Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation Bio Control Research Center, Gokseong, Republic of Korea | Choi, C., Sunchon National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea | Jung, W.J., Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Chitin and chitosan were extracted from all specimens of Type I and II two-spottedfield crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) following chemical treatment with an acid andalkali. For chitin extraction, 2 N HCl and 1.25 N NaOH solutions were used toachieve demineralization and deproteinization, respectively. For chitosan extraction,50 % NaOH (w/v) and 50 % NaOH (w/w) solutions were used to achievedeacetylation. Chitosan yielded from adult exoskeletons of G. bimaculatus in TestA of Type I was 1.76 and 8.40 % on a fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) basis,respectively, after treatment with 50 % NaOH (w/v) at 95℃ for 3 h. Furthermore, thechitosan yielded in Test D of Type II was 1.79 and 7.06 % on FW and DW basis,respectively, after treatment with 50 % NaOH (w/w) at 105℃ for 3 h. The averageyield of chitin and chitosan was 2.42 and 1.65 % on a FW basis, and 10.91 and7.50 % on DW basis, respectively. The deacetylation (%) of chitosan extracted fromadult exoskeletons in Tests A, B, C1, C2, D1, and D2 were 81.2 %, 14.5 %, 19.6 %,90.7 %, 17.1 %, and 95.5 %, respectively. The viscosities of the chitosans extractedfrom adult exoskeletons in Tests A, C2, and D2 were 32.0, 21.6, and 62.4 cP (centiPoise), respectively. The molecular weight of chitosan from adult exoskeletons ofG. bimaculatus was 308.3 kDa. Our results indicate that adult exoskeletons of G.bimaculatus could be used as a source of chitin and chitosan for use as functionaladditives in industrial animal feeds.
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