Soil microbial activity under conventional and organic production of bean and maize
Marinković, Jelena B. (Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Šušnica, Ivan P. (Faculty of Sciences, Novi Sad (Serbia). Department of Biology and Ecology) | Bjelić, Dragana Đ. (Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Tintor, Branislava B. (Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Vasić, Mirjana A. (Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia))
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of conventional and organic production system on microbial activity in the soil cultivated with bean and maize crops. The trial in Đurđevo was set up according to the conventional farming system, while organic farming system was used in Futog. Two maize hybrids and two bean cultivars were used in the trial. Soil samples were collected in two periods during 2014 (before sow- ing, at flowering stage of bean crops, and at 9–11 leaf stage of maize) at two depths, at both locations. The following microbiological parameters were tested: the total number of micro- organisms, number of ammonifiers, Azotobacter sp., free nitrogen fixing bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and activity of dehydrogenase enzyme. The results showed that the total number of microorganisms, number of free N-fixers and dehydrogenase activity were high- er within organic production, while Azotobacter sp. was more abundant in conventional production. Variations in the number of ammonifiers, fungi and actinomycetes in relation to the type of production were not obtained. Significant differences in microbial activity were also obtained between period and depths of sampling.
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